7.1 Causation, Blame, and Policy
From Sense & Sensibility & Science
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| Fill out the learning goals and definitions. |
| Add links in learning goals. |
| Write the "context" for how this lesson connects with others. |
| Edit previous lesson to see if there's any setup for this lesson that needs to be in the "During Class" or "After Class" section of the last. |
| Fill out the lesson content. |
| Fill out or delete anything with "[...]" remaining. |
Learning Goals
[Link to PlayPosit]
After this lesson, students should
- Distinguish between singular and general causation.
- Distinguish between the evidence needed to establish singular or general causation.
- Identify different policy implications of singular or general causation.
Definitions
- Singular causation
- A causal relation between two specific events.
- General causation
- A causal relation between two variables.
Examples
- A randomised controlled trial for a drug may demonstrate its general therapeutic effect, e.g. taking this drug reduces the risks of this disease, but it cannot demonstrate any causal connection in any particular instance of a patient taking this drug.
- One can claim that climate change causes extreme weather events, but not that any particular instance of wildfire was caused by climate change.
Common Misconceptions
- Mistaken quote
- Explanation.
Context
[Explanation of how the current topic into the larger context of the course by explaining how the previous topic(s) relate to the current topic and leaving cliffhangers for future topics where relevant throughout the lesson]
Before
- X.X Lesson Name
- Explanation.
- Itemized explanation.
After
- X.X Lesson Name
- Explanation.
- Itemized explanation.
Recommended Outline
Before Class
- [Any essential logistical things that need to be done for this class]
- Prepare a seating chart.
- Review PlayPosit and discussion questions and ask faculty, Gabriel, or Emlen any questions you have.
- (Optional) Prepare a presentation.
During Class
- (5 min) Come up with some fun way to assign the roles of spokesperson and notetaker (e.g. earliest birthday in the year, lives furthest from campus). Remind them of the responsibilities of these roles.
- ([#] min) [Description of some module from #Lesson Content]
- (5 min) Collect questions for plenary.
After Class
- [Any essential logistical things that need to be done as followup for this class]
- Collect answers from notetakers for the forum / plenary.
Lesson Content
Clicker Question
- Question
Correct answer. - First option
- Second option
- Third option
- Fourth option
Activity 1: Name
[Brief description of and motivation for the activity]
| Common misconceptions and any useful tricks, tips, guidelines, or other background |
Instructions
Discussion Questions
- Question 1
- Subquestion a
Possible misconception that may need to be corrected and clarified. Intended answer to the above question.
- Subquestion b
- Subquestion a
Collect Questions for Plenary
(5 min) Collect remaining questions from the students for faculty in plenary (can be questions for clarification, extension, discussion, etc.), and add [ here].